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Science & Human Progress20th Century
A Nanosecond of Time (Future of Computing) delivered by Grace Hopper
Grace Hopper (1982)Science & Human Progress

A Nanosecond of Time (Future of Computing)

Grace Hopper— Rear Admiral, US Navy and Computer Scientist
Delivered in 1982
5 minute read
Historical Context

Known for handing out 11.8-inch pieces of wire to represent a nanosecond (the distance light travels in one billionth of a second), Admiral Hopper educated generations on computer efficiency.

Full Transcript

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If you ask a programmer how long a nanosecond takes, they might say ‘one billionth of a second.’ But what does that actually mean in physical space?

I used to hold up a piece of wire 11.8 inches long. That is the maximum distance electricity or light can travel in a vacuum in one nanosecond.

When engineers wondered why satellite transmissions or microchips had to be kept compact, I showed them that wire. Every extra foot of wire adds another nanosecond of delay!

The most dangerous phrase in the language is, ‘We’ve always done it this way.’

Human beings are allergic to change. They love to say, ‘We’ve tried that before.’ But in computing and technology, if you don’t experiment and fail fast, you fall behind.

A ship in port is safe, but that is not what ships are built for. Sail out to sea and do new things.

Defining Key Excerpts

"The most dangerous phrase in the language is, 'We've always done it this way.'"

— Famous Warning Against Stagnation

"A ship in port is safe, but that is not what ships are built for. Sail out to sea and do new things."

— Encouragement to Innovate
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